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Cliquer sur les phrases pour les voir dans leur contexte. Les textes de Immanuel Kant et David Hume sont disponibles auprès du Projet Gutenberg.

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As to the third sense of the word, it is certain, that both vice and virtue are equally artificial, and out of nature.

 All this for ONLY $45 The next question is, Of what nature are these impressions, and after what manner do they operate upon us? Here we cannot remain long in suspense, but must pronounce the impression arising from virtue, to be agreeable, and that proceding from vice to be uneasy. For, first, there are other virtues and vices beside those which have this tendency to the public advantage and loss. Now virtue and vice are attended with these circumstances. The very essence of virtue, according to this hypothesis, is to produce pleasure and that of vice to give pain. Nothing is more disagreeable than a man's over-weaning conceit of himself: Every one almost has a strong propensity to this vice: No one can well distinguish in himself betwixt the vice and virtue, or be certain, that his esteem of his own merit is well-founded: For these reasons, all direct expressions of this passion are condemned; nor do we make any exception to this rule in favour of men of sense and merit. Nothing causes greater vanity than any shining quality in our relations; as nothing mortifies us more than their vice or infamy. For, first, there are other virtues and vices beside those which have this tendency to the public advantage and loss.  We come now to the examination of such virtues and vices as are entirely natural, and have no dependance on the artifice and contrivance of men. In giving a reason, therefore, for the pleasure or uneasiness, we sufficiently explain the vice or virtue.